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James Simpson (1799–1869) was a British civil engineer. He was president of the Institution of Civil Engineers from January 1853 to January 1855. James Simpson was the fourth son of Thomas Simpson, engineer of the Chelsea Waterworks. James succeeded his father in both this post and that of engineer of the Lambeth Waterworks Company. It was under Simpson's instruction that the Chelsea Waterworks became the first in the country to install a slow sand filtration system to purify the water they were drawing from the River Thames.〔(Brief History of the Chelsea Waterworks ) accessed on December 1, 2007〕 This filter consisted of successive beds of loose brick, gravel and sand to remove solids from the water.〔Hendricks, David (2005). Water Treatment Unit Processes: Physical and Chemical. CRC Press, p665. ISBN 0-8247-0695-1.〕 He also designed waterworks at Windsor Castle and Bristol as well as The Wooden Pier at Southend on Sea.〔(The Great Sheffield Flood )〕 James Simpson established J. Simpson & Co., a manufacturer of steam engines and pumps. He made several improvements to the design of these machines. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Simpson (engineer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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